Difference between revisions of "Twenty Hinayana schools"
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| − | [ | + | [[二十部]]・[[小乗二十部]] (Jpn [[niju-bu]] or [[shojo- niju-bu]] ) |
| − | Also, twenty schools. A term applied in the Mahayana tradition to the schools formed by schisms in the Buddhist Order in India resulting from divergent interpretations of Shakyamuni Buddha's teachings after his death. According to The Doctrines of the Different Schools, the first schism occurred about one hundred years after Shakyamuni's death in the wake of controversy over five modifications advanced by a monk named Mahadeva. At that point, the Buddhist community split into two schools: the Sthaviravada (Pali Theravada) school, which rejected Mahadeva's views, and the Mahasamghika school, which supported them. A Correct Commentary on the Rules of Discipline does not attribute this first schism to Mahadeva's five modifications, however. Instead, it ascribes the division to a dispute over the "ten unlawful revisions"—ten new interpretations of monastic discipline set forth by the monks of the Vriji tribe in Vaishali. | + | Also, twenty schools. A term applied in the [[Mahayana tradition]] to the schools formed by {{Wiki|schisms}} in the [[Buddhist Order]] in [[India]] resulting from divergent interpretations of [[Shakyamuni Buddha's]] teachings after his [[death]]. According to The [[Doctrines]] of the Different Schools, the first {{Wiki|schism}} occurred about one hundred years after [[Shakyamuni's]] [[death]] in the wake of controversy over five modifications advanced by a [[monk]] named [[Mahadeva]]. At that point, the [[Buddhist]] {{Wiki|community}} split into two schools: the [[Sthaviravada]] ([[Pali]] [[Theravada]]) school, which rejected Mahadeva's [[views]], and the [[Mahasamghika school]], which supported them. A Correct Commentary on the Rules of [[Discipline]] does not attribute this first {{Wiki|schism}} to Mahadeva's five modifications, however. Instead, it ascribes the division to a dispute over the "ten unlawful revisions"—ten new interpretations of [[monastic discipline]] set forth by the [[monks]] of the [[Vriji]] tribe in [[Vaishali]]. |
| − | According to The Doctrines of the Different Schools , a split within the Mahasamghika occurred in the second one-hundred-year period after the Buddha's death. Eventually eight schools derived from the Mahasamghika, forming nine Mahasamghika schools: Ekavyavaharika, Lokottaravada, Kaukkutika, Bahushrutiya, Prajnaptivadin (also Prajnaptivadin), Chaityavadin, Aparashaila, Uttarashaila, and Mahasamghika. The Sthaviravada school divided during the third one-hundred-year period after the Buddha's death; first the Sarvastivada school broke away, while the original Sthaviravada school called itself the Haimavata school. Thereafter the Sarvastivada school gave rise to four more schools: Vatsiputriya, Mahishasaka, Kashyapiya, and Sautrantika. The Vatsiputriya school further divided into the Dharmottara, Bhadrayaniya, Sammatiya, and Shannagarika schools, and the Mahishasaka split to form the Dharmagupta school. Thus there were a total of eleven Sthaviravada schools. Along with the nine Mahasamghika schools, they form the twenty Hinayana schools. The schools arising from these schisms are sometimes referred to as the eighteen Hinayana schools, a designation that does not include the two original schools, Sthaviravada and Mahasamghika. | + | According to The [[Doctrines]] of the Different Schools , a split within the [[Mahasamghika]] occurred in the second one-hundred-year period after the [[Buddha's]] [[death]]. Eventually eight schools derived from the [[Mahasamghika]], forming nine [[Mahasamghika]] schools: [[Ekavyavaharika]], [[Lokottaravada]], [[Kaukkutika]], Bahushrutiya, Prajnaptivadin (also Prajnaptivadin), Chaityavadin, Aparashaila, [[Uttarashaila]], and [[Mahasamghika]]. The [[Sthaviravada]] school divided during the third one-hundred-year period after the [[Buddha's]] [[death]]; first the [[Sarvastivada school]] broke away, while the original [[Sthaviravada]] school called itself the [[Haimavata]] school. Thereafter the [[Sarvastivada school]] gave rise to four more schools: [[Vatsiputriya]], [[Mahishasaka]], [[Kashyapiya]], and [[Sautrantika]]. The [[Vatsiputriya]] school further divided into the [[Dharmottara]], [[Bhadrayaniya]], [[Sammatiya]], and [[Shannagarika]] schools, and the [[Mahishasaka]] split to [[form]] the [[Dharmagupta school]]. Thus there were a total of eleven [[Sthaviravada]] schools. Along with the nine [[Mahasamghika]] schools, they [[form]] the twenty [[Hinayana schools]]. The schools [[arising]] from these {{Wiki|schisms}} are sometimes referred to as the eighteen [[Hinayana schools]], a designation that does not include the two original schools, [[Sthaviravada]] and [[Mahasamghika]]. |
</poem> | </poem> | ||
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[http://www.sgilibrary.org/search_dict.php?id=2501 www.sgilibrary.org] | [http://www.sgilibrary.org/search_dict.php?id=2501 www.sgilibrary.org] | ||
[[Category:Theravada Buddhism]] | [[Category:Theravada Buddhism]] | ||
Revision as of 01:51, 11 April 2014
twenty Hinayana schools
二十部・小乗二十部 (Jpn niju-bu or shojo- niju-bu )
Also, twenty schools. A term applied in the Mahayana tradition to the schools formed by schisms in the Buddhist Order in India resulting from divergent interpretations of Shakyamuni Buddha's teachings after his death. According to The Doctrines of the Different Schools, the first schism occurred about one hundred years after Shakyamuni's death in the wake of controversy over five modifications advanced by a monk named Mahadeva. At that point, the Buddhist community split into two schools: the Sthaviravada (Pali Theravada) school, which rejected Mahadeva's views, and the Mahasamghika school, which supported them. A Correct Commentary on the Rules of Discipline does not attribute this first schism to Mahadeva's five modifications, however. Instead, it ascribes the division to a dispute over the "ten unlawful revisions"—ten new interpretations of monastic discipline set forth by the monks of the Vriji tribe in Vaishali.
According to The Doctrines of the Different Schools , a split within the Mahasamghika occurred in the second one-hundred-year period after the Buddha's death. Eventually eight schools derived from the Mahasamghika, forming nine Mahasamghika schools: Ekavyavaharika, Lokottaravada, Kaukkutika, Bahushrutiya, Prajnaptivadin (also Prajnaptivadin), Chaityavadin, Aparashaila, Uttarashaila, and Mahasamghika. The Sthaviravada school divided during the third one-hundred-year period after the Buddha's death; first the Sarvastivada school broke away, while the original Sthaviravada school called itself the Haimavata school. Thereafter the Sarvastivada school gave rise to four more schools: Vatsiputriya, Mahishasaka, Kashyapiya, and Sautrantika. The Vatsiputriya school further divided into the Dharmottara, Bhadrayaniya, Sammatiya, and Shannagarika schools, and the Mahishasaka split to form the Dharmagupta school. Thus there were a total of eleven Sthaviravada schools. Along with the nine Mahasamghika schools, they form the twenty Hinayana schools. The schools arising from these schisms are sometimes referred to as the eighteen Hinayana schools, a designation that does not include the two original schools, Sthaviravada and Mahasamghika.
