Difference between revisions of "Hong Yi"
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[[File:Shutong_li.jpg|thumb|250px|Hong Yi]] | [[File:Shutong_li.jpg|thumb|250px|Hong Yi]] | ||
| − | Hong Yi (1880–1942) (Chinese: 弘一大師 Hóngyī Dashi), born Li Shutong (李叔同) was a Chinese [[Buddhist monk]], artist and art teacher. He also went by the names Wen Tao, Guang Hou, and Shu Tong, but was most commonly known by his [[Buddhist name]], Hong Yi. He was a master painter, musician, dramatist, calligrapher, seal cutter, poet, and [[Buddhist monk]]. | + | Hong Yi (1880–1942) ({{Wiki|Chinese}}: 弘一大師 Hóngyī Dashi), born Li Shutong (李叔同) was a {{Wiki|Chinese}} [[Buddhist monk]], artist and [[art]] [[teacher]]. He also went by the names Wen {{Wiki|Tao}}, Guang Hou, and Shu Tong, but was most commonly known by his [[Buddhist name]], Hong Yi. He was a [[master]] painter, musician, dramatist, calligrapher, seal cutter, poet, and [[Buddhist monk]]. |
| − | == Life == | + | == [[Life]] == |
| − | He was born in Tianjin to a banking family originating in Hongdong County, Shanxi, that migrated to Tianjin in the Ming Dynasty, though his mother was from Pinghu, Zhejiang province. | + | He was born in Tianjin to a banking family originating in Hongdong County, Shanxi, that migrated to Tianjin in the {{Wiki|Ming Dynasty}}, though his mother was from Pinghu, Zhejiang province. |
| − | In 1898 Li moved to Shanghai and joined the "Shanghai Painting and Calligraphy Association", and the "Shanghai Scholarly Society" while he was attending the Nanyang public school. In 1905 Li went to Japan to study at Tokyo School of Fine Art in Ueno Park where he specialized in Western painting and music, and met a lover by the name of Yukiko who was to become his concubine. In 1910 Li returned to China and was appointed to Tianjin's Beiyang Advanced Industry School. The next year he was appointed as a music teacher in a girl's school in Shanghai. He went to Hangzhou in 1912 and became a lecturer in the Zhejiang Secondary Normal College. He taught not only Western painting and music but also art history. By 1915 Jiang Qian hired him as a teacher at Nanjing Normal College (renamed in 1949 to Nanjing University), where he taught painting and music. He also taught at Zhejiang Secondary Normal School (浙江两级师范学堂), the predecessor of the famous Hangzhou High School (浙江省杭州高级中学). | + | In 1898 Li moved to Shanghai and joined the "Shanghai Painting and {{Wiki|Calligraphy}} Association", and the "Shanghai [[Scholarly]] {{Wiki|Society}}" while he was attending the Nanyang public school. In 1905 Li went to [[Japan]] to study at {{Wiki|Tokyo}} School of Fine [[Art]] in Ueno Park where he specialized in Western painting and {{Wiki|music}}, and met a lover by the [[name]] of Yukiko who was to become his {{Wiki|concubine}}. In 1910 Li returned to [[China]] and was appointed to Tianjin's Beiyang Advanced Industry School. The next year he was appointed as a {{Wiki|music}} [[teacher]] in a girl's school in Shanghai. He went to Hangzhou in 1912 and became a lecturer in the Zhejiang Secondary Normal College. He taught not only Western painting and {{Wiki|music}} but also [[art]] {{Wiki|history}}. By 1915 Jiang Qian hired him as a [[teacher]] at Nanjing Normal College (renamed in 1949 to Nanjing {{Wiki|University}}), where he taught painting and {{Wiki|music}}. He also taught at Zhejiang Secondary Normal School (浙江两级师范学堂), the predecessor of the famous Hangzhou High School (浙江省杭州高级中学). |
| − | During these later years, Li’s reputation grew, as he became the first Chinese educator to use nude models in his painting classes, not to mention as the first teacher of Western music in China. Some of the students, like Singapore artist Chen Wen Hsi (陈文希）whom he personally groomed, went on to become accomplished masters of the arts in their later days. Li Shutong himself was also an accomplished composer and lyricist. Many of his compositions are still remembered and performed today. | + | During these later years, Li’s reputation grew, as he became the first {{Wiki|Chinese}} educator to use nude models in his painting classes, not to mention as the first [[teacher]] of Western {{Wiki|music}} in [[China]]. Some of the students, like {{Wiki|Singapore}} artist Chen Wen Hsi (陈文希）whom he personally groomed, went on to become accomplished [[masters]] of the arts in their later days. Li Shutong himself was also an accomplished composer and lyricist. Many of his compositions are still remembered and performed today. |
| − | In 1916, Li underwent a 21-day fast at a temple in Hangzhou, and experienced the benefit of a spiritual life. The following year, he took [[Refuge in The Three Jewels]] of Buddhism. After spending another year there, Li began a new chapter in his life by choosing to be ordained as a [[Monk]], and thus began a holistic life dedicated to propagating Buddhism and its code of conduct. After becoming a [[Monk]] he practised only calligraphy, developing a simple and unadorned, yet unique style, which was treasured by everyone who received a sample. He became known to all as Master Hong Yi. In 1942, Master Hong Yi died peacefully at the age of 63 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province. | + | In 1916, Li underwent a 21-day fast at a [[temple]] in Hangzhou, and [[experienced]] the {{Wiki|benefit}} of a [[spiritual]] [[life]]. The following year, he took [[Refuge in The Three Jewels]] of [[Buddhism]]. After spending another year there, Li began a new chapter in his [[life]] by choosing to be [[ordained]] as a [[Monk]], and thus began a {{Wiki|holistic}} [[life]] dedicated to propagating [[Buddhism]] and its code of conduct. After becoming a [[Monk]] he practised only {{Wiki|calligraphy}}, developing a simple and unadorned, yet unique style, which was treasured by everyone who received a sample. He became known to all as [[Master]] Hong Yi. In 1942, [[Master]] Hong Yi [[died]] peacefully at the age of 63 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province. |
== Commemorations and Exhibitions == | == Commemorations and Exhibitions == | ||
| − | Beijing-based progressive-metal rock band the Tang Dynasty recorded a rock-version of Master Hong Yi's famous romantic ballad, the Farewell song in their second album Epic. | + | Beijing-based progressive-metal rock band the {{Wiki|Tang Dynasty}} recorded a rock-version of [[Master]] Hong Yi's famous romantic ballad, the Farewell song in their second album Epic. |
| − | A special 130th anniversary celebration of Master Hong Yi showcasing his calligraphy and painting works took place in 2010 in Shanghai, partly sponsored by the Pinghu Municipal Government, and attended by a granddaughter of Hong Yi. | + | A special 130th anniversary celebration of [[Master]] Hong Yi showcasing his {{Wiki|calligraphy}} and painting works took place in 2010 in Shanghai, partly sponsored by the Pinghu Municipal Government, and attended by a granddaughter of Hong Yi. |
== Important works == | == Important works == | ||
| − | === Collections === | + | === [[Collections]] === |
| − | : -Happy Stones | + | : -[[Happy]] Stones |
: -Li Shutong's Seals | : -Li Shutong's Seals | ||
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: Song: Farewell | : Song: Farewell | ||
| − | === Music === | + | === {{Wiki|Music}} === |
| − | : Song: Childhood memories | + | : Song: Childhood {{Wiki|memories}} |
: -送别歌 Farewell song | : -送别歌 Farewell song | ||
| − | : -长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天，Beyond the long pavilion, near the ancient route, beautiful grass connecting the sky, | + | : -长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天，Beyond the long pavilion, near the {{Wiki|ancient}} route, [[beautiful]] grass connecting the sky, |
| − | : -晚风拂柳笛声残，夕阳山外山。The evening wind comforts the willows with the wave of a Chinese flute play, the setting Sun beyond the mountains. | + | : -晚风拂柳笛声残，夕阳山外山。The evening [[wind]] comforts the willows with the wave of a {{Wiki|Chinese}} flute play, the setting {{Wiki|Sun}} [[beyond]] the mountains. |
| − | : -天之涯，海之角，知交半零落，On the brink of the sky, in the corner of the sea, there are only a few knowing friends, | + | : -天之涯，海之角，知交半零落，On the brink of the sky, in the corner of the sea, there are only a few [[knowing]] friends, |
| − | : 一瓢浊酒尽余欢，今宵别梦寒。We enjoyed the remaining happiness after a cup of translucent wine, please do not dream cold tonight. | + | : 一瓢浊酒尽余欢，今宵别梦寒。We enjoyed the remaining [[happiness]] after a cup of [[translucent]] wine, please do not [[dream]] cold tonight. |
| − | : -长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天，Beyond the long pavilion, near the ancient route, beautiful grass connecting the sky, | + | : -长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天，Beyond the long pavilion, near the {{Wiki|ancient}} route, [[beautiful]] grass connecting the sky, |
| − | : -晚风拂柳笛声残，夕阳山外山。 The evening wind comforts the willow leaves with the remainder of a Chinese flute play, the setting Sun is beyond the mountains.[7] | + | : -晚风拂柳笛声残，夕阳山外山。 The evening [[wind]] comforts the willow leaves with the remainder of a {{Wiki|Chinese}} flute play, the setting {{Wiki|Sun}} is [[beyond]] the mountains.[7] |
| − | : -zh:佛寶歌 Buddhist jewels song, Taixu lyrics | + | : -zh:佛寶歌 [[Buddhist]] jewels song, [[Taixu]] lyrics |
{{W}} | {{W}} | ||
Latest revision as of 11:32, 17 September 2013
Hong Yi (1880–1942) (Chinese: 弘一大師 Hóngyī Dashi), born Li Shutong (李叔同) was a Chinese Buddhist monk, artist and art teacher. He also went by the names Wen Tao, Guang Hou, and Shu Tong, but was most commonly known by his Buddhist name, Hong Yi. He was a master painter, musician, dramatist, calligrapher, seal cutter, poet, and Buddhist monk.
Life
He was born in Tianjin to a banking family originating in Hongdong County, Shanxi, that migrated to Tianjin in the Ming Dynasty, though his mother was from Pinghu, Zhejiang province.
In 1898 Li moved to Shanghai and joined the "Shanghai Painting and Calligraphy Association", and the "Shanghai Scholarly Society" while he was attending the Nanyang public school. In 1905 Li went to Japan to study at Tokyo School of Fine Art in Ueno Park where he specialized in Western painting and music, and met a lover by the name of Yukiko who was to become his concubine. In 1910 Li returned to China and was appointed to Tianjin's Beiyang Advanced Industry School. The next year he was appointed as a music teacher in a girl's school in Shanghai. He went to Hangzhou in 1912 and became a lecturer in the Zhejiang Secondary Normal College. He taught not only Western painting and music but also art history. By 1915 Jiang Qian hired him as a teacher at Nanjing Normal College (renamed in 1949 to Nanjing University), where he taught painting and music. He also taught at Zhejiang Secondary Normal School (浙江两级师范学堂), the predecessor of the famous Hangzhou High School (浙江省杭州高级中学).
During these later years, Li’s reputation grew, as he became the first Chinese educator to use nude models in his painting classes, not to mention as the first teacher of Western music in China. Some of the students, like Singapore artist Chen Wen Hsi (陈文希）whom he personally groomed, went on to become accomplished masters of the arts in their later days. Li Shutong himself was also an accomplished composer and lyricist. Many of his compositions are still remembered and performed today.
In 1916, Li underwent a 21-day fast at a temple in Hangzhou, and experienced the benefit of a spiritual life. The following year, he took Refuge in The Three Jewels of Buddhism. After spending another year there, Li began a new chapter in his life by choosing to be ordained as a Monk, and thus began a holistic life dedicated to propagating Buddhism and its code of conduct. After becoming a Monk he practised only calligraphy, developing a simple and unadorned, yet unique style, which was treasured by everyone who received a sample. He became known to all as Master Hong Yi. In 1942, Master Hong Yi died peacefully at the age of 63 in Quanzhou, Fujian Province.
Commemorations and Exhibitions
Beijing-based progressive-metal rock band the Tang Dynasty recorded a rock-version of Master Hong Yi's famous romantic ballad, the Farewell song in their second album Epic.
A special 130th anniversary celebration of Master Hong Yi showcasing his calligraphy and painting works took place in 2010 in Shanghai, partly sponsored by the Pinghu Municipal Government, and attended by a granddaughter of Hong Yi.
Important works
Collections
- -Happy Stones
- -Li Shutong's Seals
Articles
- -How to Paint 图画修得法
- -An Introduction to Watercolors 水彩画法说略
Lyrics
- Song: Farewell
Music
- Song: Childhood memories
- -送别歌 Farewell song
- -长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天，Beyond the long pavilion, near the ancient route, beautiful grass connecting the sky,
- -晚风拂柳笛声残，夕阳山外山。The evening wind comforts the willows with the wave of a Chinese flute play, the setting Sun beyond the mountains.
- -天之涯，海之角，知交半零落，On the brink of the sky, in the corner of the sea, there are only a few knowing friends,
- 一瓢浊酒尽余欢，今宵别梦寒。We enjoyed the remaining happiness after a cup of translucent wine, please do not dream cold tonight.
- -长亭外，古道边，芳草碧连天，Beyond the long pavilion, near the ancient route, beautiful grass connecting the sky,
- -晚风拂柳笛声残，夕阳山外山。 The evening wind comforts the willow leaves with the remainder of a Chinese flute play, the setting Sun is beyond the mountains.[7]
- -zh:佛寶歌 Buddhist jewels song, Taixu lyrics
