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Conceptual and Non-conceptual Mental States in the Yogācāra Tradition

From Tibetan Buddhist Encyclopedia
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by Jowita Kramer


University of Munich

concept” (vikalpa) <> “non-conceptual(ity)” (nirvikalpa)non-conceptual awareness (nirvikalpajnana) true awareness (samyagjnana) mind (citta) and mental factors (caitasika) imprints (vasana) stored in the “store mind” (alayavijhana) imprints of

• all sense perceptions (vijhana)

mental perception (manovijhana)

concept of I (klistamanas)

• all emotions, such as hatred, anger, jealousy (and all the other samskaras) imprints of

• “everyday usage of phenomena, names and conceptions” (nimitta- nama-vikalpa-vyavahara-prapahca)

• “sticking to the imagined nature [of reality]” (parikalpitasvabhavabhinivesa) • duality of the grasper and the grasped (grahadvayavasana) • concepts of one's own self (atmadivikalpa) and • concepts of entities, such as matter (rupadidharmavikalpa) concepts of • the nature [of a phenomenon] (svabhavavikalpa) • its characteristics (visesavikalpa), • wholes (pindagrahavikalpa)

these first three give rise to "things" (vastu) which themselves become the basis for vikalpa and proliferation • "I" (aham iti vikalpah)


• "mine" (mameti vikalpah)

pleasant (priyavikalpa)

unpleasant (apriyavikalpa)


• opposite of both (tadubhayaviparitavikalpa)“mental representation only” (vijhaptimatra) from imprint of language from imprint of “the wrong view of the self

Mental representation (vijhapti) of


body (= five sense faculties)

• the one who possesses the body (= klistamanas)

experiencer (bhoktr; manodhatu)

• that which is experienced by him (= six objects)

• experiencing with regard to this (= six vijhanas)

• time

• numbers • abode (= surrounding world,bhajanaloka)

conventional speech (vyavahara)

distinction between oneself and others _[[usmagata mu rd han ksanti

laukikagradharma

preparatory stage

seeing all factors as "mental representation only"

1. no object

2. no subject





1st stage (bhumi) path of seeing (darsanamarga) » non-conceptual awareness (nirvikalpajhana) 2nd to 10th stagemind (citta) in the sense of true awareness (samyagjnana) or neither citta nor acitta


pure realm (anasravah dhatuh)

liberation (mukti)

• abiding in the realm of the mind (cittasyadhatau sthanam)

realm without proliferation (nisprapancadhatu)

• “suchness” (tathata) of all phenomena

• = non-differentiated truth preparatory stage


usmagata mu rd han ksanti laukikagradharma 1st stage (bhumi) path of seeing (darsanamarga) 2nd to 10th stage. no object


2. no subject

» nirvikalpajnanapreparatory stage


usmagata mu rd han ksanti laukikagradharma 1st stage (bhumi) path of seeing (darsanamarga) 2nd to 10th stage1. no object


2. no subject

» nirvikalpajhana

"non-differentiated"

(avyavasthapita) usmagata murdhan ksanti

laukikagradharma

preparatory stage

seeing all factors as "mental representation only"


1. no object

2. no subject


1st stage (bhumi) path of seeing (dars'anomargo) » nirvikalpajhana

"non-differentiated"

(avyavasthapita)


2nd to 10th stage path of cultivating (bhavanamarga)

"differentiated"

(vyavasthapita)


alayavijhana manovijnana

5 sense perceptions klistamanas> mirror-like awareness (adarsajnana)


= non-conceptual awareness (nirvikalpajndna)


> awareness of differentiation (pratyaveksajnana)

> awareness of accomplishment of deeds

(krtydnusthdnajndna) > awareness of equality (samatajnana) feelings (vedana) >> mastery of the pleasant abodes (sukhavihara) apperception (samjha) >> mastery of teaching by means of words (naman), phrases (pada) and syllables (vyahjana)



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