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Difference between revisions of "The Early Development of the Padmasambhava Legend in Tibet: A Study of Pelliot Tibétain"

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hold that Padmasambhavaha always acted like a [[mirror]] ,perfectly {{Wiki|reflecting}} what ever aspects of the [[Buddhist teachings]] are required by his [[faithful]] followers. Perhaps we too learn more by [[seeing]] [[Padmasambhava]] n this way,less as a historically locatable personthan as a shiftin gmatrix of meanings constantly calling for [[interpretation]].
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hold that [[Padmasambhava]] always acted like a [[mirror]] ,perfectly {{Wiki|reflecting}} what ever aspects of the [[Buddhist teachings]] are required by his [[faithful]] followers. Perhaps we too learn more by [[seeing]] [[Padmasambhava]] in this way, less as a historically locatable [[person]] than as a shift in the [[matrix]] of meanings constantly calling for [[interpretation]].
BIBLIOGRAPHY Bischoff, EA.1978. [[Padmasambhava]] st-il unpersonnagehistorique? In Proceedings of the Csomade K6rds Symposium,ed. LouisLigeti.Pp.27-33.Budapest:Akaddmia iKiad6.Bischoff,EA.,and Charles Hartman.1971.Padmasambhava's ivention of the Phur-bu:Ms.PelliotTibdtain44.InEtudestibetainesd4dides
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a'
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Bischoff, EA.1978. [[Padmasambhava]] st-il unpersonnagehistorique? In Proceedings of the Csomade K6rds Symposium, ed. LouisLigeti.Pp.27-33.Budapest:Akaddmia iKiad6.Bischoff, EA.,and [[Charles Hartman]] 1971.Padmasambhava's invention of the [[Phurbu]]: Ms.PelliotTibdtain44. In Etudes tibetainesd4didesa'amdmoirede {{Wiki|Marcelle Lalou}}. Pp.11-27. Paris:Adrien Maisonneuve. Dalton, Jacob P.Forthcoming.A Crisis of Doxography:How [[Tibetans]] Organized [[Tantra]] during the 8th-12thCenturies.Journal of the International Association of [[Buddhist]] Studies.Davidson, Ronald M. 2002. [[Indian]] [[Esoteric]] Buddhism.NewYork: [[Columbia]] Univ. Press.Dharmasri,Lochen.1975. 'Duspa'imdodbang spyidonrgyud ungmanngag gi gnadgsal [[byed]] sgronme. InCollected Works of Smin-glingLo-chenDharmaSri, vol. 12. [[Dehra Dun]]: D. G. Khocchen
amdmoirede Marcelle Lalou.Pp.11-27. Paris:Adrien Maisonneuve. Dalton,Jacob P.Forthcoming.A Crisis of Doxography:How [[Tibetans]] Organized [[Tantra]] during the 8th-12thCenturies.Journalofthe International Association of [[Buddhist]] Studies.Davidson,Ronald M. 2002. [[Indian]] [[Esoteric]] Buddhism.NewYork:Columbia Univ. Press.Dharmasri,Lochen.1975. 'Duspa'imdodbang spyidonrgyud ungmanngag gi gnadgsal [[byed]] sgronme. InCollected Works of Smin-glingLo-chenDharmaSri,vol. 12.Dehra Dun: D. G. Khocchen
 
 
[[Trulku]].
 
[[Trulku]].
  
  
Dowman,Keith.1995. Power Places of [[Kathmandu]] Valley.London: Thames and Hudson. Dudjom Rinpoche.1991.The [[Nyingma School]] of [[Tibetan]] Buddhism,tr.Gyurme [[Dorje]]. Boston:Wisdom Publications.Germano,David.1994.Architecture and Absence in the Secret [[Tantric]] History of the Great Perfection.Journal of the International Associatio of [[Buddhist Studies]] 17:203-335.Germano, David,andJanetGyatso.2000.Longchenpa and the Dakinis.In [[Tantra]] n Practice,ed.David G. White.Pp.239-65. [[Princeton]]: [[Princeton]] Univ. Press.Granoff,Phyllis.2000. Other People's [[Rituals]]: [[Ritual]] Eclecticismin Early {{Wiki|Medieval}} [[Indian]] Religions.Journal of [[Indian]] Philosophy28:399-424.Gr6nbold,Giinter.2001.'Saptavara'.ADharani Collection from Nepal.In Le Parole e iMarmi,ed.Raffaele Torella.Vol.1,pp.369-75. {{Wiki|Rome}}: Istituto italian operl'Africael'Oriente.Guhyagarbha [[Tantra]]. Them Tshams-Brag {{Wiki|Manuscript}} of the [[rNying-ma rgyud'bum]]  . Vol.wa,ff.152.6-218.7.
+
Dowman, Keith.1995. Power Places of [[Kathmandu]] Valley.London: Thames and Hudson. Dudjom Rinpoche.1991.The [[Nyingma School]] of [[Tibetan]] Buddhism,tr.Gyurme [[Dorje]]. [[Boston]]: [[Wisdom]] Publications.Germano, David.1994.Architecture and Absence in the Secret [[Tantric]] History of the Great Perfection.Journal of the International Association of [[Buddhist Studies]] 17:203-335.Germano, David,andJanetGyatso.2000.Longchenpa and the Dakinis.In  
 +
 
 +
[[Tantra]] n Practice,ed.David G. White.Pp.239-65. [[Princeton]]: [[Princeton]] Univ. Press.Granoff,Phyllis.2000. Other People's [[Rituals]]: [[Ritual]] Eclecticismin Early {{Wiki|Medieval}} [[Indian]] Religions.Journal of [[Indian]] Philosophy28:399-424.Gr6nbold,Giinter.2001.'Saptavara'.ADharani Collection from Nepal.In Le Parole e iMarmi,ed.Raffaele Torella.Vol.1,pp.369-75. {{Wiki|Rome}}: Istituto italian operl'Africael'Oriente.Guhyagarbha [[Tantra]]. Them Tshams-Brag {{Wiki|Manuscript}} of the [[rNying-ma rgyud'bum]]  . Vol.wa,ff.152.6-218.7.
 +
 
 +
[[Thimphu]], [[Bhutan]]: National Library.Guhyasamaja Tantra,d. S.Bagchi.Darbhanga:Mithila Institute.Gunawardana,R.A.L. H.1979.Robe and Plough:Monasticism and Economic [[Interest]] in Early {{Wiki|Medieval}} [[Sri Lanka]]. Tucson: Univ. of Arizona Press.Gyatso, Janet. 1987. Down with the {{Wiki|Demoness}}: Reflections ona {{Wiki|Feminine}} Ground [[in Tibet]]. [[Tibet Journal]] 12:38-53.Harper, Katherine Anne.1989.Seven [[Hindu]] [[Goddesses]] of
  
Thimphu,Bhutan:National Library.Guhyasamaja Tantra,d. S.Bagchi.Darbhanga:Mithila Institute.Gunawardana,R.A.L. H.1979.Robe and Plough:Monasticism and Economic [[Interest]] in Early {{Wiki|Medieval}} [[Sri Lanka]]. Tucson:Univ.of Arizona Press.Gyatso,Janet. 1987. Down with the {{Wiki|Demoness}}: Reflections ona {{Wiki|Feminine}} Ground [[in Tibet]]. [[Tibet Journal]] 12:38-53.Harper,Katherine Anne.1989.Seven [[Hindu]] [[Goddesses]] of [[Spiritual]] [[Transformation]]. ewiston,N.Y.:Edwin Mellen Press.Kapstein,Matthew. 2000. The [[Tibetan]] Assimilation of Buddhism.Oxford: [[Oxford]] Univ. Press.Karmay,Samten. 1988. The Great Perfection.Leiden: E. J. Brill.Macdonald,A.W.,and AnneV.Stahl.1979.Newar Art.Warminster:Aris & PhillipsLtd.Mayer,Robert. 1991. Observations on the [[Tibetan]] Phur-pa and the [[Indian]] [[kila]]. In [[Buddhis]] ForumII,ed. Tadeus Skorupski.Pp.163-92. [[London]]: School of {{Wiki|Oriental}} and African Studies.Nebesky-Wojkowitz,Rend.1996. [[Oracles and Demons of Tibet]]. Delhi:Book [[Faith]] India.Panikkar,ShivajiK.1989.Saptamat.rka {{Wiki|Worship}} and Sculptures.New [[Delhi]]: D. K. Print [[world]] Ltd.Przyluski,Jean. 1923. Les VidyarSija:Contribution
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[[Spiritual]] [[Transformation]]. Lewiston, N.Y.:Edwin Mellen Press.Kapstein, Matthew. 2000. The [[Tibetan]] Assimilation of Buddhism.Oxford: [[Oxford]] Univ. Press.Karmay, [[Samten]]. 1988. The Great Perfection.Leiden: E. J. Brill.Macdonald, A.W., and Anne.Stahl.1979.Newar Art.Warminster:Aris & PhillipsLtd.Mayer, Robert. 1991. Observations on the [[Tibetan]] Phur-pa and the [[Indian]] [[kila]]. In [[Buddhis]] ForumII, ed. Tadeus  
 +
 
 +
Skorupski.Pp.163-92. [[London]]: School of {{Wiki|Oriental}} and African Studies.Nebesky-Wojkowitz,Rend.1996. [[Oracles and Demons of Tibet]]. Delhi:Book [[Faith]] India.Panikkar,ShivajiK.1989.Saptamat.rka {{Wiki|Worship}} and Sculptures.New [[Delhi]]: D. K. Print [[world]] Ltd.Przyluski,Jean. 1923. Les VidyarSija:Contribution
 
i '   
 
i '   
  
 
l'histoire de lamagiedansles sectes Mahaya-nistes. Bulletin del 'Ecolerangaised'Extrdme-Orient 3: 301-18.
 
l'histoire de lamagiedansles sectes Mahaya-nistes. Bulletin del 'Ecolerangaised'Extrdme-Orient 3: 301-18.
RongXinjiang.999-2000.TheNature f theDunhuang ibraryaveand heReasons or ItsSealing.
+
RongXinjiang.999-2000.The [[nature]] of the [[Dunhuang]] ibraryave and the [[Reasons]] or ItsSealing.
Cahiers d 'Extrdme-Asie 1:247-75..2004.Official LifeatDunhuangin the TenthCentury:The Case of CaoYuanzhong.InThe {{Wiki|Silk}} Road:Trade,Travel,WarandFaith,ed. Susan Whitfield.Pp.57-62.Chicago:SerindiaPublications.
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Cahiers d 'Extrdme-Asie 1:247-75..2004.Official LifeatDunhuangin the Tenth Century: The Case of CaoYuanzhong.InThe {{Wiki|Silk}} Road: Trade,Travel , [[War]] and [[Faith]], ed. Susan Whitfield. Pp.57-62.Chicago: Serindia Publications.
  
 
   
 
   
DALTON:The Early [[Development]] of the [[Padmasambhava]] Legend [[in Tibet]] 771 Shaw,Julia.Forthcoming.Naga Sculptures nSanchi's Archaeologica lLandscape:Buddhism,Vaisnavism,andLocal Agricultural Cults in Central India,First CenturyB.C.E.o Fifth Century C.E.Arti-bus Asiae.Skjwervo,rods Oktor.Forth coming.Legal Documents Concerning Ownership and Sale from Eighth-century [[wikipedia:Khotan|Khotan]]. In From Nisato Niya.New Discoveries and Studiesin Central and Inner {{Wiki|Asian}} [[Art]] and Archaeology,ed. M.Ghose andL.Russell-Smith. London:SaffronPress.Spiro,MelfordE.1978. Burmes Supernaturalism.Philadelphia:Institute for the Study of [[Human]] Issues.Takeuchi,Tsuguhito.2004.Sociolinguistic Implications of the Use of [[Tibetan]] in [[East]] {{Wiki|Turkestan}} rom the End of [[Tibetan]] {{Wiki|Domination}} throug hhe [[Tangut]] Period (9th-12thc.).In Proceedings of"Turfan Revisited-The First Century of Research into the [[Arts]] and {{Wiki|Culture}} of the {{Wiki|Silk}} Road,"ed.Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst t al. [[Berlin]]: Museum fir Indische Kunst.Tsogyal,Yeshe. 1993. The [[Lotus Born]]: The [[Life]] Story of Padmasambhava,r. Erik [[Pema]] Kunsang.Boston:ShambalaPublications.Tucci,Giuseppe.1949. Painted Scrolls.Rome:LibreriadelloStato.Vall6ePoussin,Louis dela.1962.Catalogue ofthe [[Tibetan]] Manuscripts rom Tun-huangn the [[India]] Office Library.London: [[Oxford]] Univ. Press.vanShaik,Sam.2002. The [[Tibetan]] Dunhuan g Manuscriptsn [[China]]. Bulletin of the [[Wikipedia:SOAS, University of London|School of Oriental and African Studies]] 65: 129-39.Wangdu, Pasang,and Hildegard Diemberger.2000. dBa'bzhed:The {{Wiki|Royal}} {{Wiki|Narrative}} Concerning the Bringing of the [[Buddha's]] [[Doctrine]] to Tibet.Vienna:Verlagder Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Wessing,Robert,and RoyE. Jordaan.1997. [[Death]] at the Building Site: Construction Sacrificen South-east Asia.History of Religions37:101-21.Wylie,Turrell.1970.A [[Tibetan]] Religiou {{Wiki|Geography}} of Nepal.Rome:Istituto Italianoperil Medio ed Estrem Oriente.Yamaguchi,Zuih6.1996.The Fiction of KingDar-ma'sPersecution of Buddhism.In Du Dunhuangau Japon:Etude chinoisesetbouddhiquesoffertes
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DALTON:The Early [[Development]] of the [[Padmasambhava]] Legend [[in Tibet]] 771 Shaw,Julia.Forthcoming.Naga Sculptures nSanchi's {{Wiki|Archaeological}} Landscape: [[Buddhism]], {{Wiki|Vaisnavism}}, and Local Agricultural Cults in Central [[India]], First CenturyB.C.E.o Fifth Century C.E.Arti-bus Asiae.Skjwervo,rods Oktor.Forthcoming.Legal Documents Concerning Ownership and Sale from Eighth-century [[wikipedia: Khotan|Khotan]]. In From Nisato Niya.New Discoveries  
 +
 
 +
and Studiesin Central and Inner {{Wiki|Asian}} [[Art]] and [[Archaeology]], ed. M.Ghose and L.Russell-Smith. [[London]]: {{Wiki|Saffron}} Press.Spiro,Melford E.1978. [[Burmese]] Supernaturalism.Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of [[Human]] Issues.Takeuchi, Tsuguhito .2004.Sociolinguistic Implications of the Use of [[Tibetan]] in [[East]] {{Wiki|Turkestan}} rom the End of [[Tibetan]] {{Wiki|Domination}} throug hhe [[Tangut]] Period (9th-12thc.).In Proceedings of"Turfan Revisited-The First Century of Research into the [[Arts]] and {{Wiki|Culture}} of the {{Wiki|Silk}} Road," ed.Desmond Durkin-Meisterernst t al.  
 +
 
 +
[[Berlin]]: Museum fir Indische Kunst.Tsogyal, Yeshe. 1993. The [[Lotus Born]]: The [[Life]] Story of Padmasambhava,r. Erik [[Pema]] Kunsang.Boston:ShambalaPublications.Tucci, Giuseppe. 1949. Painted Scrolls.Rome:LibreriadelloStato.Vall6ePoussin,Louis dela.1962.Catalogue ofthe [[Tibetan]] Manuscripts from [[Tun-Huang]] the [[India]] Office Library.London: [[Oxford]] Univ. Press.vanShaik,Sam.2002. The [[Tibetan]] Dunhuan g  
 +
 
 +
Manuscriptsn [[China]]. Bulletin of the [[Wikipedia: SOAS, University of London|School of Oriental and African Studies]] 65: 129-39.Wangdu, Pasang,and Hildegard Diemberger.2000. dBa'bzhed:The {{Wiki|Royal}} {{Wiki|Narrative}} Concerning the Bringing of the [[Buddha's]] [[Doctrine]] to Tibet.Vienna:Verlagder Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.Wessing, Robert, and RoyE. Jordaan.1997. [[Death]] at the Building Site: Construction  
 +
 
 +
{{Wiki|Sacrifice}} South-east Asia.History of Religions37:101-21.Wylie, Turrell.1970.A [[Tibetan]] Religiou {{Wiki|Geography}} of Nepal.Rome:Istituto Italianoperil Medio ed Estrem Oriente.Yamaguchi,Zuih6.1996.The Fiction of KingDar-ma'sPersecution of Buddhism.In Du Dunhuangau Japon:Etude chinoisesetbouddhiquesoffertes
 
ai
 
ai
MichelSoymid,ed. Jean-PierreDrege.Pp.231-58. [[Geneva]]: Droz.APPENDIXTRANSCRIPTIONFPADMASAMBHAVAASSAGEFROMPELLIOTTIBtiTAIN07,LINES10-32@/:/rdorjekungragsma/skumdog nagmomang dgyessamthugsdamskongsnanabza'darrmagsol/ rgyangzhanlayangsnatshogskyisbrgyan palgzugsmdzesshing sdug parston /myidgyeslathugsdamskongsnanagmo ralpacantre'ulabcibs/rkonglademo zheskyang bgyi/'di bdungyigtsomolags//rdorjekun tubzangskumdodkarmocangshes dkarpo'igdanlabzhugs shingthugsdamkha chuladgyes/shamyedgangsdkarzheskyang bgyi/rdorjekungsalma/ skumdogsnarmona bza'gtsos gsol/rtasngon polabcibs/ [[lha]] rig.ya'maskyolzheskyang bgyi//rdorje yeshesmchog/skumdogsnar mo nabza'snatshogsgsol//mdzo mosprultebcibs/brda' labtsan mo zhesbgyi/rdorje sgronma/nabza'gtsos gsol gdan/ smyan sprultebcibs/kharag khyungbtsun zhesbgyi/rdorje'odchagsma/skubdogdmar mo na bza'gtsos gsol//gdankhri 'bri khamyusprultebcigs/byang gigser tangyige'khor'dulmazhesbgyi/rdorje [[g.yu]] sgronma/skumdog sngonmogdankhri rtasngonposprultebcibs/lho'iting tingzhesbgyi'o/
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MichelSoymid,ed. Jean-PierreDrege.Pp.231-58. [[Geneva]]: Droz.APPENDIXTRANSCRIPTIONFPADMASAMBHAVAASSAGEFROMPELLIOTTIBtiTAIN07,LINES10-32@/:/rdorjekungragsma/skumdog nagmomang dgyessamthugsdamskongsnanabza'darrmagsol/ rgyangzhanlayangsnatshogskyisbrgyan palgzugsmdzesshing sdug parston  
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 +
/myidgyeslathugsdamskongsnanagmo ralpacantre'ulabcibs/rkonglademo zheskyang bgyi/'di bdungyigtsomolags//rdorjekun tubzangskumdodkarmocangshes dkarpo'igdanlabzhugs shingthugsdamkha chuladgyes/shamyedgangsdkarzheskyang bgyi/rdorjekungsalma/ skumdogsnarmona bza'gtsos gsol/rtasngon polabcibs/  
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[[lha]] rig.ya'maskyolzheskyang bgyi//rdorje yeshesmchog/skumdogsnar mo nabza'snatshogsgsol//mdzo mosprultebcibs/brda' labtsan mo zhesbgyi/rdorje sgronma/nabza'gtsos gsol gdan/ smyan sprultebcibs/kharag khyungbtsun zhesbgyi/rdorje'odchagsma/skubdogdmar mo na bza'gtsos gsol//gdankhri 'bri khamyusprultebcigs/byang gigser tangyige'khor'dulmazhesbgyi/rdorje [[g.yu]] sgronma/skumdog sngonmogdankhri rtasngonposprultebcibs/lho'iting tingzhesbgyi'o/
  
 
   
 
   
 
772Journalofthe [[American]] OrientalSociety124.4(2004)
 
772Journalofthe [[American]] OrientalSociety124.4(2004)
  
@/:/'dibdunyangmkha''gromazheskyangbgyi/shug 'groma zheskyang bgyi/ma [[chen]] mo bdunzheskyangbgyi/srin mochen mobdun zheskyang bgyistel/thogma nidkyil'khorrnamgnyisbshamsshingbyungbadang/matangru ta bthulba'ile'udanglas//damstsolzhinglassubskoste//durkhrod chenpophye dangbdunsrungba'isrungsmar/ /[[herukas]] bka'stsolto//deyangchenchung'dra' ba'itshogsso//deslanchadnidpal gyi yanggzungsdampa'o//de'i'ogdunirgyagargyimkhanpo [[padma]] sam ba badang/ rlang dpalgyi [[seng ge]] [[gnyis]] kyisbtulcingdambrnantel/bodkhamsgyibdagmo'dirnamslagdurdorjebyinnas [[rdorje]] '[[chang]] gigraldumying btagsso/ /denasgzhungbzhingsangsngagssgrub parnamskyimthudangstong grogs bgyidpa dang/bod khamsmtharmyi'jigpa'i srungsmarbcolzhing/ sringmoyangyin/chejechen mornamskyiszhalgyisbzhesshing/dam bcasso//damtsigkha chu ladga'/mchodpalhagladgyesso/bsgombadangrdzasdagnantan cherbgyi'tshal/Vphyagmtshanyang 'jigstshulrnatshogs pa thogsso/(b)ar'ga'niphyagmtshansdugcingmdzespa thogsso///bdag nyidchen mordorjekungragsma/gangsdkarshamyedrdorjekuntubzang/dpalIdanIharirdorjekungsalma/brda' la [[btsan]] mordorje yeshesmchog/kharagkhyungbtsunrdorje sgronma zhe'o/byanggigser tangrdorje'odchagsma/lho'iting tingrdorjeg.yusgronma//semscandonphyir'phagspa'ispyan [[sngar]] khyed//dambcaskhas'chesgang yinde  
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@/:/'dibdunyangmkha''gromazheskyangbgyi/shug 'groma zheskyang bgyi/ma [[chen]] mo bdunzheskyangbgyi/srin mochen mobdun zheskyang bgyistel/thogma nidkyil'khorrnamgnyisbshamsshingbyungbadang/matangru ta bthulba'ile'udanglas//damstsolzhinglassubskoste//durkhrod chenpophye  
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 +
dangbdunsrungba'isrungsmar/ /[[herukas]] bka'stsolto//deyangchenchung'dra' ba'itshogsso//deslanchadnidpal gyi yanggzungsdampa'o//de'i'ogdunirgyagargyimkhanpo [[padma]] sam ba badang/ rlang dpalgyi [[seng ge]] [[gnyis]]  
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kyisbtulcingdambrnantel/bodkhamsgyibdagmo'dirnamslagdurdorjebyinnas [[rdorje]] '[[chang]] gigraldumying btagsso/ /denasgzhungbzhingsangsngagssgrub parnamskyimthudangstong grogs bgyidpa dang/bod khamsmtharmyi'jigpa'i srungsmarbcolzhing/ sringmoyangyin/chejechen mornamskyiszhalgyisbzhesshing/dam bcasso//damtsigkha chu ladga'/mchodpalhagladgyesso/bsgombadangrdzasdagnantan cherbgyi'tshal/Vphyagmtshanyang 'jigstshulrnatshogs pa  
 +
 
 +
thogsso/(b)ar'ga'niphyagmtshansdugcingmdzespa thogsso///bdag nyidchen mordorjekungragsma/gangsdkarshamyedrdorjekuntubzang/dpalIdanIharirdorjekungsalma/brda' la [[btsan]] mordorje yeshesmchog/kharagkhyungbtsunrdorje sgronma zhe'o/byanggigser tangrdorje'odchagsma/lho'iting tingrdorjeg.yusgronma//semscandonphyir'phagspa'ispyan [[sngar]] khyed//dambcaskhas'chesgang yinde  
  
 
Itargyis//dkonmchogbslussam/yangna damnyamsnalrang rgyud sreg [[cing]] dmyalmyeskyig.ya'ba'i//'jigschenmyibzadde soms'dirgshegsla//zhi/rgyas/  
 
Itargyis//dkonmchogbslussam/yangna damnyamsnalrang rgyud sreg [[cing]] dmyalmyeskyig.ya'ba'i//'jigschenmyibzadde soms'dirgshegsla//zhi/rgyas/  

Latest revision as of 13:57, 15 January 2024





Journal of the American Oriental Society


hold that Padmasambhava always acted like a mirror ,perfectly reflecting what ever aspects of the Buddhist teachings are required by his faithful followers. Perhaps we too learn more by seeing Padmasambhava in this way, less as a historically locatable person than as a shift in the matrix of meanings constantly calling for interpretation.

BIBLIOGRAPHY Bischoff, EA.1978. Padmasambhava st-il unpersonnagehistorique? In Proceedings of the Csomade K6rds Symposium, ed. LouisLigeti.Pp.27-33.Budapest:Akaddmia iKiad6.Bischoff, EA.,and Charles Hartman 1971.Padmasambhava's invention of the Phurbu: Ms.PelliotTibdtain44. In Etudes tibetainesd4didesa'amdmoirede Marcelle Lalou. Pp.11-27. Paris:Adrien Maisonneuve. Dalton, Jacob P.Forthcoming.A Crisis of Doxography:How Tibetans Organized Tantra during the 8th-12thCenturies.Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies.Davidson, Ronald M. 2002. Indian Esoteric Buddhism.NewYork: Columbia Univ. Press.Dharmasri,Lochen.1975. 'Duspa'imdodbang spyidonrgyud ungmanngag gi gnadgsal byed sgronme. InCollected Works of Smin-glingLo-chenDharmaSri, vol. 12. Dehra Dun: D. G. Khocchen Trulku.


Dowman, Keith.1995. Power Places of Kathmandu Valley.London: Thames and Hudson. Dudjom Rinpoche.1991.The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism,tr.Gyurme Dorje. Boston: Wisdom Publications.Germano, David.1994.Architecture and Absence in the Secret Tantric History of the Great Perfection.Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 17:203-335.Germano, David,andJanetGyatso.2000.Longchenpa and the Dakinis.In

Tantra n Practice,ed.David G. White.Pp.239-65. Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press.Granoff,Phyllis.2000. Other People's Rituals: Ritual Eclecticismin Early Medieval Indian Religions.Journal of Indian Philosophy28:399-424.Gr6nbold,Giinter.2001.'Saptavara'.ADharani Collection from Nepal.In Le Parole e iMarmi,ed.Raffaele Torella.Vol.1,pp.369-75. Rome: Istituto italian operl'Africael'Oriente.Guhyagarbha Tantra. Them Tshams-Brag Manuscript of the rNying-ma rgyud'bum . Vol.wa,ff.152.6-218.7.

Thimphu, Bhutan: National Library.Guhyasamaja Tantra,d. S.Bagchi.Darbhanga:Mithila Institute.Gunawardana,R.A.L. H.1979.Robe and Plough:Monasticism and Economic Interest in Early Medieval Sri Lanka. Tucson: Univ. of Arizona Press.Gyatso, Janet. 1987. Down with the Demoness: Reflections ona Feminine Ground in Tibet. Tibet Journal 12:38-53.Harper, Katherine Anne.1989.Seven Hindu Goddesses of

Spiritual Transformation. Lewiston, N.Y.:Edwin Mellen Press.Kapstein, Matthew. 2000. The Tibetan Assimilation of Buddhism.Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.Karmay, Samten. 1988. The Great Perfection.Leiden: E. J. Brill.Macdonald, A.W., and Anne.Stahl.1979.Newar Art.Warminster:Aris & PhillipsLtd.Mayer, Robert. 1991. Observations on the Tibetan Phur-pa and the Indian kila. In Buddhis ForumII, ed. Tadeus

Skorupski.Pp.163-92. London: School of Oriental and African Studies.Nebesky-Wojkowitz,Rend.1996. Oracles and Demons of Tibet. Delhi:Book Faith India.Panikkar,ShivajiK.1989.Saptamat.rka Worship and Sculptures.New Delhi: D. K. Print world Ltd.Przyluski,Jean. 1923. Les VidyarSija:Contribution i '

l'histoire de lamagiedansles sectes Mahaya-nistes. Bulletin del 'Ecolerangaised'Extrdme-Orient 3: 301-18. RongXinjiang.999-2000.The nature of the Dunhuang ibraryave and the Reasons or ItsSealing. Cahiers d 'Extrdme-Asie 1:247-75..2004.Official LifeatDunhuangin the Tenth Century: The Case of CaoYuanzhong.InThe Silk Road: Trade,Travel , War and Faith, ed. Susan Whitfield. Pp.57-62.Chicago: Serindia Publications.


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/myidgyeslathugsdamskongsnanagmo ralpacantre'ulabcibs/rkonglademo zheskyang bgyi/'di bdungyigtsomolags//rdorjekun tubzangskumdodkarmocangshes dkarpo'igdanlabzhugs shingthugsdamkha chuladgyes/shamyedgangsdkarzheskyang bgyi/rdorjekungsalma/ skumdogsnarmona bza'gtsos gsol/rtasngon polabcibs/

lha rig.ya'maskyolzheskyang bgyi//rdorje yeshesmchog/skumdogsnar mo nabza'snatshogsgsol//mdzo mosprultebcibs/brda' labtsan mo zhesbgyi/rdorje sgronma/nabza'gtsos gsol gdan/ smyan sprultebcibs/kharag khyungbtsun zhesbgyi/rdorje'odchagsma/skubdogdmar mo na bza'gtsos gsol//gdankhri 'bri khamyusprultebcigs/byang gigser tangyige'khor'dulmazhesbgyi/rdorje g.yu sgronma/skumdog sngonmogdankhri rtasngonposprultebcibs/lho'iting tingzhesbgyi'o/


772Journalofthe American OrientalSociety124.4(2004)

@/:/'dibdunyangmkhagromazheskyangbgyi/shug 'groma zheskyang bgyi/ma chen mo bdunzheskyangbgyi/srin mochen mobdun zheskyang bgyistel/thogma nidkyil'khorrnamgnyisbshamsshingbyungbadang/matangru ta bthulba'ile'udanglas//damstsolzhinglassubskoste//durkhrod chenpophye

dangbdunsrungba'isrungsmar/ /herukas bka'stsolto//deyangchenchung'dra' ba'itshogsso//deslanchadnidpal gyi yanggzungsdampa'o//de'i'ogdunirgyagargyimkhanpo padma sam ba badang/ rlang dpalgyi seng ge gnyis

kyisbtulcingdambrnantel/bodkhamsgyibdagmo'dirnamslagdurdorjebyinnas rdorje 'chang gigraldumying btagsso/ /denasgzhungbzhingsangsngagssgrub parnamskyimthudangstong grogs bgyidpa dang/bod khamsmtharmyi'jigpa'i srungsmarbcolzhing/ sringmoyangyin/chejechen mornamskyiszhalgyisbzhesshing/dam bcasso//damtsigkha chu ladga'/mchodpalhagladgyesso/bsgombadangrdzasdagnantan cherbgyi'tshal/Vphyagmtshanyang 'jigstshulrnatshogs pa

thogsso/(b)ar'ga'niphyagmtshansdugcingmdzespa thogsso///bdag nyidchen mordorjekungragsma/gangsdkarshamyedrdorjekuntubzang/dpalIdanIharirdorjekungsalma/brda' la btsan mordorje yeshesmchog/kharagkhyungbtsunrdorje sgronma zhe'o/byanggigser tangrdorje'odchagsma/lho'iting tingrdorjeg.yusgronma//semscandonphyir'phagspa'ispyan sngar khyed//dambcaskhas'chesgang yinde

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dbangdang/mngonspyodlaskyirnams//rdzogs parmdzodlaskyon myed grub par gyis//


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