Dagpo Kagyu
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Dagpo Kagyu Tibetan: དྭགས་པོ་བཀའ་བརྒྱུད, Wylie: dwags po bka' brgyud encompases all the branches of the Kagyu school of Tibetan Buddhism which trace their lineage back through Gampopa (1079-1153) who was also known as Dagpo Lhaje (Tibetan: དྭགས་པོ་ལྷ་རྗེ, Wylie: dwags po lha rje) ("the Physician from Dagpo") and as Nyamed Dakpo Rinpoche or the "Incomparible Precious One from Dagpo". All the institutional branches of the Kagyu tradition of Tibetan Buddhism surviving today including the Drikung Kagyu, Drukpa Kagyu and the Karma Kagyu are branches of the Dagpo Kagyu.
Narrowly, the term Dagpo Kagyu is sometimes used to refer specifically to the lineage of Gampopa's own monastery of Dagla Gampo. This lineage passed from Gampopa to his own nephew Dagpo Gomtsul. Dagpo Tashi Namgyal (1511-1587) was an important Lama in this lineage.
Dagpo Kagyu Lineages
Following Gampopa's teachings, there evolved the so-called "Four Primary and Eight Secondary" lineages of the Dagpo Kagyu School.
The four primary sub-schools of the Dagpo Kagyu
Tshalpa Kagyu founded by Zhang Yudrakpa Tsöndru Drakpa
Karma Kamtsang or Karma Kagyu founded by the first Karmapa, Düsum Khyenpa.
Barom Kagyu founded by Barompa Darma Wangchug
Phagdru Kagyu founded by Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo (1110-1170)
The eight secondary sub-schools of the Dagpo Kagyu
The eight secondary lineages (zung bzhi ya brgyad or chung brgyad) of the Dagpo Kagyu all branched from the Phagdru Kagyu tradition and were founded by senior disciples of Phagmo Drupa Dorje Gyalpo or their immediate successors.
Drikung Kagyu founded by Drigung Kyobpa Jikten Gönpo Rinchen Päl (1143-1217)
Lingre Kagyu founded by Lingrepa Pema Dorje (1128-1188)
Martsang Kagyu founded by Marpa Drupthob Sherab Yeshe who established Sho Monastery (ཤོ་དགོན) in E. Tibet.
Shugseb Kagyu -
Taklung Kagyu founded by Taklung Tangpa Tashi Pal (1142-1210).
Trophu Kagyu established by Gyal Tsha Rinchen Gon (1118-1195) and Kunden Repa (1148-1217). The tradition was developed by their nephew, Thropu Lotsawa.
Yabzang Kagyu
Yelpa Kagyu was established by Drubthob Yeshe Tsegpa.
The Drukpa Kagyu
The Drukpa Kagyu, often enumerated outside the four primary and eight secondary sub-schools, was founded by Ling Repa's disciple Drogon Tsangpa Gyare Yeshe Dorje (1161–1211). His fifth incarnation and eighteenth hereditary lineage holder, Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyal (1594–1651), founded the state of Bhutan and established the Southern Drukpa Kagyu as its state religion.
Dagpo Kagyu Lineages Today
The principle Dagpo Kagyu lineages existing today as organized schools are the Karma Kagyu, Drikung Kagyu and the Drukpa Kagyu. For the most part, the teachings and main esoteric transmissions of the other Dagpo Kagyu lineages have been absorbed into one or another of these three independent schools.