Four inverted views
Tibetan Buddhist Encyclopedia is now 14 years old
Our Encyclopedia recently received a wonderful opportunity for a major renewal on its 14th birthday . After many years of growing our Encyclopedia had become bit slow and sometimes even decided not to answer when people knocked on the door.
A very big thank you and blessings to Dmytro Rudiy (rudiy.nl) for his great work in upgrading the server, website and all of the infrastructure and helping make TBE fast and reliable again for everyone!
We kindly ask our readers to help us cover the cost of this important upgrade and also help with the ongoing costs of keeping the Encyclopedia alive and freely available.
or card
Every little donation helps and every one is deeply appreciated. 🙏🙏🙏
OM AH HUM VAJRA GURU PADMA SIDDHI HUM 🙏🙏🙏
May blessings shower down on all of yous 🙏🙏🙏
four inverted views
[四顚倒] (Jpn shi-tendo )
Also, four wrong-headed views or four topsy-turvy views. They are called "inverted" because one takes an opposite view of the truth. Mistaking impermanence for permanence, suffering for happiness, nonself for self, and impurity for purity. This indicates the inverted views of ordinary people who do not recognize the world of delusion for what it is. The term inverted views also means to mistake permanence for impermanence, happiness for suffering, self for nonself, and purity for impurity. This indicates the inverted views of voice-hearers and cause-awakened ones, who recognize the world of delusion for what it is but do not recognize the world of enlightenment for what it is. Taken together, the above are referred to as the eight inverted views.